Final common pathway of atherosclerotic disease progression is considered to be an inflammatory reaction of the vascular wall. Such inflammatory response is initiated and accelerated by the presence of various risk factors. The process was extensively investigated for decades, and reduced endothelial NO formation, increased cell adhesion molecules, invasion of inflammatory cells, formation of reactive oxygen species play important roles in the disease progression. More recently, however, there are number of new mechanistic insight have been reported, such as stem cell biology, inter-organ network, metabolic disorders, intestinal microbiota, epigenetics, new non-coding RNA biology, etc. In this symposium, we invite abstracts of provocative research regarding new mechanistic insight of atherosclerotic disease.